Moore's Law: Transistor Counts
Transistors per chip (log scale, selected processors)
TOP500 Supercomputer Performance
#1 system FLOPS over time (log scale)
Sources
Karl Rupp's Microprocessor Trend Data Updated 2024
50 years of transistor counts, clock frequency, single-thread perf, TDP, and cores. Open .dat files with Gnuplot scripts.
Our World in Data: Moore's Law 2023
Interactive transistor charts sourced from Rupp & Horowitz. Downloadable CSV/PNG.
Wikipedia: Transistor Count Live
CPUs, GPUs, FPGAs from Intel 4004 (1971) to latest Apple/NVIDIA silicon.
TOP500 Performance Development Nov 2024
#1, #500, and aggregate FLOPS for top supercomputers since 1993. Biannual (June & November).
Epoch AI: Notable AI Models Mar 2025
Compute (FLOPS), cost, dataset size, and parameters for notable ML models. Downloadable CSV.
Epoch AI: ML Hardware Dataset 2024
170+ AI accelerators: FLOP/s, memory bandwidth, die size, power, and price. CSV download, CC BY.
Wikipedia: FLOPS Live
Historical CPU and GPU FLOPS tables. Consumer hardware through GPGPUs, 1960s to present.